Lech Walesa 2023

Lech Wałęsa was born in Poland on 29 September 1943. He worked as an electrician in the shipyards of Gdansk. Due to poor working conditions, he began to become politically active in 1970 and, after illegal engagements, was a member of the illegal strike committee at the Gdansk shipyard in 1980. After the bloody suppression of the strike, in which over 80 workers were killed, he was arrested and sentenced to one year in prison for "anti-social behaviour". After further imprisonments and renewed illegal engagements, he was blacklisted, lost his job, found himself repeatedly under house arrest and had to live on allowances from his friends.

After occupying the Gdansk shipyard, Wałęsa scaled the shipyard wall in August 1980, was appointed strike leader and managed to get workers all over Poland to spontaneously follow the Gdansk example and stop work. In the same year he was elected president of the Solidarność trade union, which was initially illegal. He held this post until December 1981, when Prime Minister Wojciech Jaruzelski imposed martial law and Wałęsa was interned near the Russian border until November 1982.

The US magazine Time named him Man of the Year in 1982, which finally brought developments in Poland to worldwide media attention, and the Swedish newspaper Dagens Nyheter and the Danish newspaper Politiken dedicated their 50,000 Swedish crown Freedom Award to Wałęsa for his commitment to democracy.

in 1983, Wałęsa was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize, which his wife had to accept and whose prize money of 1.5 million Swedish crowns he donated to the Polish Bishops' Conference. After further imprisonment, he founded the illegal "Solidarność Executive Committee" in 1987 and organised repeated strikes in the following years, which swept the whole country in several waves. In live televised discussions with the president of the state trade union confederation, Wałęsa won with wit and quick-wittedness, paving the way for the "Round Table Agreement" in 1989 as a precursor to the later government.

After the collapse of the regime and the fall of the Iron Curtain, Lech Wałęsa was elected President of a democratic Poland from 1990 to 1995, paving the way for a country shaped by the principles of a market economy, where he has since been a dedicated admonisher, guardian and fighter for freedom and the rule of law.